In an era where crisis events are increasing in frequency and intensity, the behavioral health field continues to evolve, adapting strategies to meet the needs of communities in distress. At the latest Crisis Jam Fireside Chat, hosted by Behavioral Health Link Co-founder David Covington and moderated by Dr. John Draper, we had the privilege of hearing from Dr. April Naturale, an international leader in disaster mental health and the facilitator of New York’s unprecedented 9/11 Mental Health Disaster Response. Their discussion illuminated critical insights into the role of behavioral health in disaster response, the long-term impact of trauma, and how professionals can support recovery.
The Growing Demand for Disaster Behavioral Health
Dr. Naturale began by highlighting a reality that behavioral health professionals know all too well—both the frequency and visibility of community crisis events are increasing. From natural disasters to mass violence, these traumatic events have profound and lasting effects on individuals and communities. Media coverage and social media amplify exposure, increasing the risk of secondary trauma and mental health challenges. “We’re not just responding to more crises,” she noted, “we’re also dealing with the consequences of widespread exposure to these events, which can escalate distress and anxiety.”
One of the key takeaways from the discussion was how disaster mental health teams can balance community support and individual recovery. Dr. Naturale emphasized that successful crisis interventions go beyond providing immediate psychological first aid—they must also foster long-term resilience.
9/11 and the Evolution of Crisis Response
Reflecting on her time leading the Project Liberty response after the September 11 attacks, Dr. Naturale shared powerful stories about how communities coped in the aftermath of one of the most devastating events in American history. With nearly 5,000 crisis counselors deployed across New York, Project Liberty provided outreach-based support, meeting people where they were—in places of worship, schools, and community centers. “We learned that simply showing up and checking in with people made all the difference,” she explained. “For many, it was the first time anyone from a government or aid organization had ever asked, ‘How are you doing?’”
This model of proactive engagement has since influenced how disaster mental health services are structured nationwide. Today, crisis teams focus on trust-building, culturally competent care, and addressing social determinants of mental health, ensuring that support systems are accessible and tailored to diverse populations.
The Psychological Toll of Human-Caused Disasters
One of the most striking aspects of the conversation was the distinction Dr. Naturale made between natural disasters and human-caused events such as mass violence and terrorism. Research shows that natural disasters tend to have lower long-term psychological impacts because people can attribute the event to uncontrollable environmental factors. However, in cases of intentional human violence, the psychological toll is significantly higher, often leading to prolonged distress, mistrust, and PTSD.
She underscored the importance of social support and routine in post-trauma recovery. “When everything feels chaotic, maintaining even the smallest routines can help people regain a sense of normalcy and control,” she said. Dr. Draper reinforced this, adding that social connection is one of the strongest protective factors against long-term mental health struggles following trauma.
Building Resilience: What Works?
The conversation also touched on post-traumatic growth, the concept that many people emerge from crisis events with newfound strengths, appreciation for life, and stronger social connections. Dr. Naturale encouraged behavioral health professionals to focus on enhancing coping skills, promoting community cohesion, and ensuring that individuals have access to the resources they need.
A crucial takeaway for providers: most people recover without formal mental health services if they have strong social support and effective coping strategies. However, for the 10-20% of individuals who do develop PTSD or major depressive disorder, early intervention is critical. “The challenge,” she said, “is ensuring that those who need care receive it, while also equipping communities to support resilience naturally.”
The Role of Crisis Workers in a Changing Landscape
Dr. Naturale closed with a message for behavioral health professionals navigating today’s crisis landscape: self-care is not optional—it’s essential. Responders and providers often put their own needs last, leading to burnout and compassion fatigue. She emphasized the importance of scheduling self-care, using grounding techniques, and prioritizing rest, movement, and connection. “We can’t pour from an empty cup,” she reminded the audience.
As disasters—both natural and human-caused—continue to reshape our world, behavioral health professionals must remain agile, informed, and compassionate in their approach. Crisis response is no longer just about immediate intervention; it’s about building long-term systems of care, resilience, and recovery.
For those who want to dive deeper into this vital discussion, watch the full Crisis Jam Fireside Chat with Dr. April Naturale and Dr. John Draper here: